Design and Implementation of Low-power Multi-channel Closed-loop Epileptic Seizure Detection

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders, by which around 1% of the people in the world are affected. Unfortunately, 25% of the epilepsy patients cannot be treated sufficiently by antiepileptic drugs and epilepsy surgery. If seizures cannot be well controlled, the patients experience major limitations in their lives. In recent years, open-loop seizure controllers, such as vagus nerve and deep brain stimulation devices, have been proposed, but the effective rates of these devices are limited to 45%. In addition, low power and small hardware area are two important targets for implantable and portable devices. To overcome these issues, a real-time closed-loop seizure detection method is proposed. A multi-channel closed-loop epileptic seizure detector (MCESD) receives EEG signals of rats through ADC and delivers a stimulus at seizure. The seizure detection algorithm is realized by MCESD. The MCESD is implemented in a TSMC 0.18μm CMOS process. The seizure detection accuracy of device is above 94.6% from seizure detection algorithm with MCESD implementation, and the power of chip consumes 114.4μW.